Our technology embodies sustainability. It is a crucial step towards a decarbonised world. According to the International Energy Association IEA By 2030, the world is projected to grow intermittent renewables by 3X, reaching nearly 50% of the electricity generation capacity. In order to shift renewables generation to periods of demand, there is a corresponding growing need for Long Duration Energy Storage systems that will enable the continued growth of intermittent renewables such as wind and solar. These systems must be themselves sustainable, be capable of growing to very large commercial scale, have minimum restrictions on siting, and have multi-decade project lifetimes. Redox One’s solutions offer precisely that.
Daily renewable energy generation does not follow demand.
World needs up to 140 TWh of Long Duration Energy Storage to meet net-zero goals by 2040
reneweconomy.com.au
As the world grows capacity of wind and solar to over 1000 GW by 2030, there’ll be a need for Long Duration Energy Storage to grow from today’s installed capacity of less than 200 GWh to over 5000 GWh.
As the world increasingly adopts renewable energy sources (ie solar and wind), the widespread adoption of Long Duration Energy Storage (LDES) from 4 to 12 hours is key to manage intermittencies and the temporal differences in peak supply and demand.
By 2040 it is estimated the world will require 160 TWh of storage capacity per year*.
Safe, cost-effective, reliable, sustainable, and scalable, Redox One's Iron-Chromium Redox Flow Batteries are poised to power a decarbonised future in a market growing to $3 trillion by 2040.
Redox One – Switched On. Always.
Our technology is not new; it has been refined and proven over time. In fact, NASA first pioneered Iron-Chromium as the first Redox Flow Battery (RFB) in the 1970s. Since then, it has matured, refined, scaled up, and amassed numerous proof points, including many successful demonstration sites and commercial deployments. Our Iron-Chromium Redox Flow Batteries (Fe-Cr RFBs) are the result of decades of innovation, research, development, and optimisation, making it ready now when the technology is most needed, for emerging utility-scale, Long Duration Energy Storage applications.
The emerging market for Long Duration Energy Storage is fundamentally driven by the need for replacing fossil fuel generation with renewables while avoiding costs, reliability, and environmental issues of building new transmission infrastructure. These large scale systems need to be capable of performing peaker services, grid congestion management and time shifting renewables. So they must be large in the MWh and even GWh scale; safe enough to be placed within the distribution grid near residences, businesses, hospitals, and industrial sites; need to have utility project lifetimes in decades, at least matching common renewable project lives; and they must be siteable quickly, easily, and cost effectively as needed at the scale and durations needed to solve grid congestion problems and enable high penetrations of new renewables.
Safe
High-temperature stable (60°C operating temperature) aqueous electrolyte (no thermal runaway or fire danger) with low corrosivity requires no special handling beyond secondary containment and are safe for groundwater and the environment.
Reliable
No cycle driven degradation of electrolytes since there is no phase change. Simple battery management system with direct measurement of state-of-charge and system health.
Cost-effective
Proprietary and patented electrolyte manufacturing processes directly from the ore containing over 40 wt% (compares to <10GWh capacity and expensive purification to extract 0.5 wt% typical for V) with unmatched affordability – costs 80% lower than Vanadium electrolytes. Electrolytes are a perpetual asset due to no phase change during operation. Decades of use and at the end of the project, re-use the electrolytes in next project.
Sustainable
The electrolyte is 100% reusable and recyclable.
Secured
Redox One has exclusive and direct access to nearly unlimited raw materials through our partner Tharisa, supporting a stable supply of electrolyte for decades to come.
Abundant
TWh of capacity exists in current mining operations. Iron is the 4th most abundant mineral in the earth’s crust and Chromium is the 8th most produced mineral on the planet. Our supply chain is not dependent on “critical raw materials” like Li-Ion batteries or Vanadium RFBs. The ore contains over 40 wt% Cr (compares to <10GWh capacity and expensive purification to extract 0.5 wt% typical for V)
Li-Ion has significant capacity fade over time and needs full replacement after ~10 years.
Iron-Chromium Redox Flow Batteries have a virtually no capacity decay and limitless cycle and calendar life.
Both electrolyte tanks contain equal concentrations of Iron (Fe) and Chromium (Cr).
Instead of two solid electrodes in a conventional integrated cell battery, energy is stored by galvanic reactions transferring an electron, without ‘plating’ (no phase change), merely changing the charge state of each side of the electrolytes. Electrolytes are pumped through a stack of cells in one direction and charging/discharging is achieved by changing voltage polarity. Charging stores energy by increasing the charge state of iron ions in solution while reducing chromium ions in solution. Discharging is achieved by reversing polarity, and increasing the state of chromium ions while reducing the iron ions.
Mixed Species Electrolytes- There is only one electrolyte, elementally the same in both tanks. Both tanks have equal concentrations of Iron Fe and Chromium Cr and so there’s no net diffusion across the separator in stack during battery operation.
Like pumping water through a pool filter, direct access to electrolyte ensures accurate State of Heath and State of Charge.
Can track load, increase or decrease output, go from charging to discharging in milliseconds.
Other flow batteries use highly sensitive ionic membranes, instead Redox One uses a micro porous separator at less than 1% of the cost and significantly more reliable. Our electrolyte is made from earth abundant Iron and Chromium diluted in a weak Hydrochloric acid.
Charging:
-Fe+2 oxidized to Fe+3
-Cr+3 reduced to Cr+2 (Accepts electron and gains electric potential energy).
Discharging:
-Fe+3 reduced to Fe+2
-Cr+2 oxidized to Cr+3 (Gives electron and releases electric potential energy).
